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Cardamine lyrata, commonly known as Japanese cress or Chinese Ivy, is a versatile and visually appealing plant originating from East Asia, specifically China, Japan, Korea, and Far Eastern Russia. It thrives in moist environments along rivulets and is well-suited for both aquatic and terrestrial settings.
In aquatic conditions, Cardamine lyrata forms long, creeping shoots submerged underwater. These slender stems carry roundish, light green leaves that resemble those of Hydrocotyle species. The plant is undemanding in terms of care, making it an excellent choice for a variety of aquarium setups. Its optimal temperature range is 18-23 °C, but it can tolerate temperatures up to around 27 °C, albeit with the development of smaller leaves under warmer conditions.
The Japanese cress exhibits a somewhat wild, vine-like growth pattern, making it particularly recommended for natural aquascapes. Its adaptability extends to terrestrial environments, where it can thrive in moist to wet soil in terrariums, adding a touch of greenery to these setups.
This fast-growing creeping stem plant is easy to cultivate, with tendril-like stems carrying kidney-shaped leaves. The plant can grow even without the addition of CO2, although carbon dioxide fertilization enhances its growth. The size of its leaves is influenced by factors such as light, temperature, and CO2 levels. In colder water (around 20 °C), larger leaves are formed, while warmer temperatures (around 24 °C and above) result in smaller leaves.
Cardamine lyrata grows as a climbing plant, developing roots on nodes that may be inconspicuous due to its dense growth. Propagation is simple, involving the cutting of a part of the stem or a lateral shoot, which can be replanted into the substrate. The cutting quickly develops new roots and starts growing, making it a straightforward process for aquarium enthusiasts.
This plant is an excellent choice for creating visual contrast in an aquarium or serving as an eye-catching centerpiece. Its climbing growth is particularly effective in nature aquariums, where it can be encouraged to grow over driftwood or other decorative elements. Additionally, C. lyrata can be cultivated as a bush in the midground, though regular trimming is necessary to maintain its desired form.
When grown emersed (above water), adult Cardamine lyrata exhibits a different appearance, resembling Cardamine species found in Central Europe. It forms upright stems with pinnate leaves and produces inflorescences with white flowers. After flowering, longish flat seed pods develop, adding further interest to the plant's overall aesthetic.
