What is KH (Carbonate Hardness)? KH, or carbonate hardness, also known as total alkalinity, measures the buffering capacity of your water—how well it can resist changes in pH. Stable KH...
Understanding pH in Your Aquarium The pH 6–7.6 Test is designed for aquariums where specific pH control is important, such as tanks with sensitive species or tropical community setups requiring...
Understanding Nitrate in Your Aquarium Nitrate is the final product in the nitrogen cycle. It is created by beneficial bacteria that break down the toxic waste products excreted by fish—ammonia...
Understanding Nitrite in Your Aquarium Nitrite is a byproduct of the biological filtration process in aquariums. Beneficial bacteria convert toxic ammonia, excreted by fish, into nitrite. Although nitrite is less...
Understanding Phosphate in Your Aquarium Phosphate is an essential nutrient commonly found in fish food. It supports healthy growth, bone development, and various biological functions in aquatic life. However, fish...
Introduction: Nymphaea rubra, commonly known as the Red Water Lily, is a stunning aquatic plant prized for its broad, deep red to burgundy leaves and elegant lily pads. Native to...
